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Written by Sun Simiao of the Tang Dynasty. It covers the use of medicinal formulas, the secrets of pulse diagnosis, the locations of acupuncture and moxibustion points, and various prohibitions, reaching even the essentials of guided breathing and physical cultivation daoyin: a system of stretching and breathing exercises, a precursor to modern Qigong. No detail is omitted. It is titled "Thousand Gold Pieces" because human life is of the utmost importance, valued more than a thousand pieces of gold. Some critics, however, suggest that he did not fully grasp the specific calculations and theories regarding Cold Damage original: "shanghan," referring to infectious diseases as defined in earlier classics.
Written by Sun Simiao. He collected missing or lost materials to serve as "wings" the character "yi" means wings, implying the book supports or completes the original to his previous work. It begins with a record of medicinal substances, followed by sections on women's health, Cold Damage, and pediatrics. It then covers the cultivation of one’s nature, abstaining from grains bigu: a Daoist fasting practice, living in retirement for health, tonics, miscellaneous symptoms, sores, and ulcers. It concludes with pulse colors, acupuncture, moxibustion, and the "forbidden arts" magical or ritual healing methods.
Written by Wang Tao of the Tang Dynasty. He served in the imperial secretariat for twenty years. His father was the director of the Hongwen Pavilion the Imperial Library, which allowed Wang Tao access to thousands of volumes of ancient medical texts. Based on these, he described various symptoms and appended medicinal formulas, protective charms, and methods for cauterization and moxibustion. The work contains a total of 1,104 categories. During the Tianbao era, he was sent to serve as a governor in Fangling and Daning counties; the book's title refers to his service in these "outer" administrative posts.
Written by Qutai Bilig original: "Hutaibilie", a scholar of the Hanlin Academy during the Yuan Dynasty. His son, Guangji, later edited and organized the work.
The study of the "deep holes" original: "tiao xue," referring to acupuncture points, when compared to the chapters on "Original Transmitting Points" and "Bone Cavities" found in the Divine Pivot original: "Lingshu," one of the core texts of the Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon, is also quite complex and detailed.
The title claims these are the Yellow Emperor’s discourses on the body's pressure points original: "shuxue" and the prohibitions regarding cauterization and moxibustion. The term "Hall of Light" original: "Mingtang" refers to the legend where the physician Lei Gong asked about the Way of medicine and the Yellow Emperor bestowed it upon him. This title was likely attributed to the Emperor by later authors seeking authority.
Master Chao states this was compiled by Yang Jie. During the Chongning era 1102–1106 CE, a rebel in Sizhou was executed in the marketplace. The Prefect, Li Yixing, sent physicians and artists to the site. They personally dissected the membranes, removed the internal organs specifically the "Gaohuang" or the area between the heart and diaphragm, and drew the intricate details of the body’s interior. Every detail was captured. When Yang Jie compared these drawings to ancient texts, he found no discrepancies. This work far surpasses the "Five Viscera Chart" of Ou Xifan and is truly beneficial to medical practitioners. Similarly, during the time of Wang Mang the Han Dynasty usurper, when the rebel Wangsun Qing was captured, the emperor ordered imperial physicians and skilled butchers to strip his skin and dissect him. They measured his five viscera and used bamboo slivers to trace his vessels to see where they began and ended, believing this knowledge could cure disease. This work follows that same intent.
Collected by Zhuang Chuo (courtesy name Jiyu) of Qingyuan.