This bright color is transparent, for it uses light more, whereas the black is opaque, for it uses darkness. The rest are not like this, so it is reasonable that they should appear as composites of these. For even if darkness is not a color, but a privation, it is nonetheless presented to the sight as a color. Furthermore, a body being illuminated does not receive the light throughout the entirety of its depth, but only at its surface. Some bodies have symmetry in relation to the transparent, which is according to nature, while the entirely transparent body is what is called crystal or glass; in these, light travels through the whole because the body is entirely transparent. The contrary to nature is the opaque, which they call earth, into which light does not penetrate at all. Intermediate between these are the other bodies, and the causes of the many colors derived from them, of which some are more dyed and others less. Thus, the other colors are composed from the mixture of these, for the color appears in proportion to the mixture. White is either fiery or choleric, while black is earthy or melancholic. There is a syllogism that has a relation to the choleric spirit, which is why the choleric are irascible, while the melancholic corresponds to the earth, or changes that which comes from the spirit. For blood, or that which comes from the syllogism, is either relaxed or condensed; the syllogism is always condensed. The syllogism also has a relation to the spirit, both the dense and the accidental.

Definitions of philosophy

On Philosophy

1. Philosophy is the knowledge of things as they are.
2. Philosophy is the knowledge of divine and human affairs.
3. Philosophy is the study of death.
4. Philosophy is assimilation to God as much as is possible for a human.
5. Philosophy is the art of arts and the science of sciences.
6. Philosophy is the love of wisdom.

Philosophy is divided into two

Philosophy is divided into two: the theoretical contemplative and the practical active. The theoretical part is divided into three: theological, mathematical, and physical. The mathematical part is divided into four: arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy. The practical part is divided into three: ethics, economics, and politics.

A hierarchical diagram illustrates the divisions of philosophy. At the top is "philosophy". From this root, two main branches descend: "theoretical" (left) and "practical" (right). Under the "theoretical" branch, there are three sub-divisions: "theological", "mathematical", and "physical". From the "mathematical" node, four further branches emerge: "arithmetic", "music", "geometry", and "astronomy". Under the "practical" branch, there are three sub-divisions: "ethics", "economics", and "politics". The diagram is annotated with small notes identifying the parts and lines connecting the concepts.