Vat.gr.244

Extensive marginal commentary in Greek, likely scholia, discussing the definitions of genus and species.?

Regarding the most generic and most specific original: "γενικωτάτων καὶ εἰδικωτάτων", A diagram depicts two small circles representing the limits of classification. let the statement be clear. That even among those in between—such as substance, quantity, quality, and the rest in each individual category a fundamental class of predication—there are most generic things, and those through the middle, and those which are lowest, I have already named. Both species and genera. Toward that which is before it, it is a species; toward that which is below, it is a genus. Being taken and addressed as such. And showing how these are what is spoken of. Regarding substance, the substance itself is a breadth. And whatever uses the depths, into which substance is said to be divided, is what is being stated.

it would be. And that it is only a species. And the others are also among those in between, so that what is said in this way might be as clear as possible. For substance is a category, and above is the most generic. And again, but substance is the lowest, of which things are most comprehensive and of which others are most specific. These are also called genera and species; these even regarding the most generic, above which there could not be any other higher genus. And the most specific, after which there could not be any other lower species. Between the most generic and the most specific are others; which are the same, both genera and species, depending on what they are taken in relation to.

Marginal notes continue down the left side of the main text block.?

Genera are some that are genera only, some species only, and some both genera and species. The genus is the most generic, the species is the most specific. Genera and species are those in between, as toward those before them they are species, and toward those after them they are genera. For example, substance is a genus. Under this is body, and under body is ensouled body meaning a living body, and under ensouled body is animal, and under animal is rational animal, and under rational animal is man, and under man are Socrates, Plato, and individual men. Thus, again, of substance, substance itself is the most generic and is genus only. Man is the most specific and is species only. Body is a species of substance and a genus of ensouled body. And ensouled body is a species of body and a genus of animal. And again, animal is a species of ensouled body and a genus of rational animal. And rational animal is a species of animal and a genus of man. And man is a species of rational animal, but no longer a genus of individual men, but species only.