The Support of the Needy on the Legal Ruling of Chess

...from the void, and he relies for his relaxation on reading historical reports, accounts of military campaigns, and the finest poetry, of which he never tires of repeating. He knows that although his natural disposition is higher, this is in truth an investment of the verse: "If he surpasses the Persians in eloquence, then in the assemblies, [he is] a companion of coughing." This likely refers to a poem regarding the difficulties of speech or the social standing of an eloquent person among non-Arabs. The "companion of coughing" suggests someone who remains silent or is interrupted. He was asked about the meaning of "delaying without a group," a complex matter... The phrase "ta'iju bila jumla" is a linguistic or philosophical riddle. it is said that he mentioned two people among those who took care to acquire knowledge and remained occupied with it. To the one we mentioned, there may occur what weighs upon the mind—this Arab state of deprivation and chronic illness. How quickly these? shortcomings [appear]. Regarding the virtues hoped to be mentioned, may He make this composition purely for His noble sake, and may we reach the pinnacle of our hopes, and may He bless us with the completion of the service of the illuminated Sunnah SunnahThe traditions and practices of the Prophet Muhammad., for all lands are but a shadow. May He grant us success in understanding the Qur'an and the Hadith and acting upon them both in staying and in traveling, as long as His blessings follow us through the succession of days and nights. May He grant us a good end on the path of moderation.

I say, regarding Chess: original: "ash-shatranj" The author of The Lucid original: "Al-Muhkam," a famous dictionary by Ibn Sida. and others said it is an Arabized Persian word. He said its pronunciation with a short 'a' shatranj is better so that it follows the pattern of the word dahraja (to roll). I say: this was also transmitted by Ibn Mukram in The Tongue of the Arabs original: "Lisan al-Arab," the definitive Arabic dictionary., but he forbade the common usage in The Confluence of the Seas original: "Majma' al-Bahrayn". Regarding this, Ibn Jinni said: "The secret of the form, in my view, is the short 'i' sound [shitranj]." Al-Hariri said that it [the 'a' sound] is not found in the speech of the Arabs. He argued that their method, when an atmospheric name is Arabized, is to return it to a weight and form used among their own counterparts. There is no pattern of fa’lal a four-letter root pattern with 'a' vowels in the speech of the Arabs. Rather, what is transmitted from them in this weight is fi’lal the same pattern but with 'i' vowels. For this reason, it is mandatory to pronounce the 'sh' in Shatranj with an 'i' Shitranj so it matches the weight of jirdahl, which refers to a massive camel.

Others have said that its plural follows Arabic weights, so the first letter was given an 'i' sound, and I said Shitranj because the fi’lal pattern in Arabic has a counterpart like qurtagh a type of tunic. The truth is that this is a foreign word. End quote.

However, according to the words of the authors of The Lucid, The Embroidered, and Al-Jawaliqi in The Arabized, it is permissible to use the 'a' sound, and that is what is famous. The phrasing of Al-Jawaliqi is: "Shatranj is an Arabized Persian word; some pronounce the 'sh' with an 'i' so it matches what the Arabs have spoken, like jirdahl, because there is nothing in the speech of the Arabs like the fa'lal pattern." End quote. However, Al-Jawaliqi himself said in The Errors of the Common Folk that Shatranj with an 'i' matches the pattern of fi'lal like jirdahl, and using the 'a' sound is an error. This was also stated by Ibn Makki and followed by Al-Majd the Linguist in The Ocean original: "Al-Qamus," the famous dictionary by Al-Fayruzabadi, where he said: