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Wikimedia Commons · Public domain · Hover to magnify, click for fullscreen
Original fileChrist is depicted on the cross with blood flowing from his side and hands, while Mary Magdalene in a bright red cloak and a bearded hermit in a simple brown tunic kneel at the base in prayer. Above the cross, God the Father appears in a circular medallion flanked by mourning angels, and at the bottom, a figure holding a scroll emerges from a dark cave beneath the rocky ground. The painting uses a brilliant gold leaf background to signify a divine, non-physical space.
Created by Lorenzo Monaco, a Camaldolese monk, this work reflects the ascetic and contemplative traditions of late medieval mysticism. The figure of the hermit emphasizes the 'vita contemplativa,' while the figure in the cave at the base (often identifying Golgotha as the burial place of Adam) represents the intersection of the material and divine worlds, a theme later central to esoteric interpretations of the Passion as a process of spiritual transmutation.
I.N.R.I. ECCE
Translation
Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews. Behold
Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
The use of the solid gold background reflects the Dionysian concept of 'Divine Light' or the 'dazzling darkness' where God dwells beyond human perception.
Pseudo-Bonaventure, Meditations on the Life of Christ
This text popularized the highly emotional and personal engagement with the suffering of Christ seen in the figures of Magdalene and the Hermit.
Object
Oil on panel
religious
Digital Source
Wikimedia Commons · Public domain
https://www.artic.edu/artworks/16231
Public domain
1152 × 2250 px
ffd7ee1da5dfa0834992344b4001db17f9d93990
November 3, 2018
March 23, 2026
AI AI-cataloged fields generated by gemini-3-flash-preview on April 2, 2026. Getty identifiers are AI-inferred and may require verification.