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Wikimedia Commons · Public domain · Hover to magnify, click for fullscreen
Original fileThe upper register shows the sun god Sol driving a chariot pulled by four mythological horses, followed by Pharaoh in his own carriage. The lower register features a lavishly decorated wagon carrying a host of personified vices in chainmail, including Lasciviousness, Fornication, and Sloth. A female figure representing worldly Love (Amor) stands at the front of the lower chariot, scattering flowers before the procession.
Originating from the 12th-century 'Hortus Deliciarum' by Herrad of Landsberg, this image represents the medieval 'Psychomachia' tradition—the battle between virtues and vices—integrated with classical cosmology. It demonstrates how early medieval thought synthesized Ovidian mythology (the names of Sol's horses) with Christian moral allegory.
Tab. VI. Sol Equi solis Lampol. i. ardent. Philogei. i. amant tra. Aeteon. i. rubent. Eritreus. i. splendent. Pharao Auriga Pedisseque. Pompa Iocus Fornicatio Voluptas mundi Turpiloquium Turpitudo Delicie Blandicie Iactatio Petulantia Ignavia Lascivia. Amor Luxuria jacit violas et ceteros flores Luxuria hinc um / ge vel / geil / lunge Gemmatus currus luxurie. C.M. Engelhardt Del! ad. cod. Willemin Sculp! et Aubert fils Scrip!
Translation
Tab. VI. Sun Horses of the sun Lampus, i.e., burning. Philoethon, i.e., loving the earth. Aethon, i.e., reddening. Erythraeus, i.e., shining. Pharaoh Charioteer Attendants. Procession Jesting Fornication Worldly pleasure Foul language Turpitude Delights Flattery Boasting Petulance Sloth Lasciviousness. Love Luxury throws violets and other flowers Luxury hence um / ge / geil / lunge The jeweled chariot of Luxury. C.M. Engelhardt del(ineavit) ad cod(icem) Willemin sculp(sit) et Aubert fils scrip(sit)
Prudentius, Psychomachia
The personification of vices and their processional movement is a direct visual adaptation of Prudentius's influential poem on the battle for the soul.
Ovid, Metamorphoses
The names of the horses of the Sun (Lampus, Philegon, Aethon, Erythraeus) are derived from Ovid’s account of the sun's chariot.
Object
Engraving
allegory
Digital Source
Wikimedia Commons · Public domain
This file comes from Gallica Digital Library and is available under the digital ID bpt6k9400936h
Public domain
5921 × 4411 px
c6c81ef12c649461e386804d72785f7fd0d2c384
March 24, 2019
March 24, 2026
Linked Data
AI AI-cataloged fields generated by gemini-3-flash-preview on April 2, 2026. Getty identifiers are AI-inferred and may require verification.